Sports Injuries

Sports Injuries we provide support for:

Closed reduction under general anaesthesia (CRGA) is a procedure used to realign fractured or dislocated bones without making an incision. It is typically performed when the patient is unable to tolerate pain or muscle relaxation is needed to achieve proper alignment.

Indications

– Fractures with significant displacement or angulation
– Joint dislocations (e.g., shoulder, hip, elbow)
– Inability to perform reduction under local anaesthesia
– Paediatric fractures where cooperation is difficult

Procedure Overview

– General anaesthesia is administered with airway management (e.g., endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway).
– The surgeon applies specific techniques to realign the bone or joint.
– Fluoroscopy or X-rays may be used to confirm alignment.
– Immobilization with a cast, splint, or brace.
– Post-reduction X-ray ensures proper alignment.
– Pain management and monitoring for complications.

Risks

– Failure to achieve reduction
– Re-displacement or instability
– Nerve or vascular injury
– Complications related to anesthesia

Follow-up

– Serial x-rays imaging and clinical assessments to ensure healing.
– Physiotherapy may be required to restore function.

Tendinopathy

Internal fixation of fractures is a surgical procedure used to stabilize and heal broken bones by implanting medical devices such as plates, screws, rods and wires inside the body. It helps maintain proper alignment of the bone fragments, allowing them to heal correctly while restoring function and strength.

Indications for Internal Fixation:

– Displaced fractures (misaligned bone fragments).
– Open fractures (where the bone breaks through the skin).
– Comminuted fractures (multiple bone fragments).
– Fractures that fail to heal properly with non-surgical methods.

Types of Internal Fixation Devices:

– Plates and Screws – Metal plates are attached to the bone with screws to hold fractured fragments in place.
– Intramedullary Nails/Rods – Long metal rods inserted into the bone’s hollow center, commonly used for long bone fractures like the femur or tibia.
– Screws – Used alone or with other devices to hold bones together.
– Wires and Pins (Kirschner wires or K-wires) – Often used for small bone fractures or temporary fixation.

Benefits

– Provides strong and stable fixation.
– Enables early mobilization and faster recovery.
– Reduces the risk of malunion or non-union.

Risks

– Infection
– Implant failure or loosening.
– Delayed or non-union of bones.
– Nerve or blood vessel damage.
– After surgery, rehabilitation with physiotherapy is essential for full recovery.

Stress Fractures

External fixation is a surgical treatment used to stabilize and immobilize bones in cases of fractures, deformities or orthopaedic trauma. It involves placing metal pins or screws into the bone, which are then connected to an external frame outside the body. This frame holds the bone in the correct position while it heals.

Indications

– Severe fractures (open, unstable, or comminuted fractures)
– Complex limb injuries (such as fractures with soft tissue damage)
– Limb lengthening
– Correction of bone deformities
– Infected fractures (osteomyelitis cases)
– Temporary stabilization before definitive surgery

Types of External Fixators

– Unilateral fixators – Simple bars on one side of the limb.
– Circular fixators– Used for deformity correction and limb lengthening.
– Hybrid fixators – Combination of both types for complex cases.

Benefits

– Minimally invasive (avoids large incisions)
– Allows soft tissues to heal while stabilizing bones
– Can be adjusted without additional surgery

Risks

– Risk of pin-site infections
– Can be uncomfortable for the patient
– Requires careful maintenance and follow-ups

Runner’s Knee

A non-union is when a broken bone (fracture) fails to heal properly. Normally, bones go through a healing process after a fracture, but in some cases, healing stops or progresses very slowly, leading to a non-union.

Causes of Non-Union

– Poor blood supply to the bone
– Inadequate stabilization (movement at the fracture site)
– Infection at the fracture site
– Smoking or poor nutrition, which affect bone healing
– Medical conditions like diabetes or osteoporosis

Symptoms of Non-Union

– Persistent pain at the fracture site
– Swelling or tenderness that doesn’t go away
– No signs of healing on X-rays over months
– Weakness or inability to use the affected limb

Treatment Options

– Surgery: May involve bone grafting, internal fixation (plates, screws, rods), or external fixation to stabilize the bone
– Bone stimulation: Electrical or ultrasound stimulation can encourage healing
– Medications: Certain drugs (like bone growth factors, BMPs, Bone grafts) may help
– Lifestyle changes: Stopping smoking, improving diet, and managing underlying conditions